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由一个以制造业为核心的地区来引领节能环保,这似乎有一些矛盾之处,但是天津经济技术开发区(TEDA)正努力实现这样的成果。
作为高端制造业工业基地,天津经济技术开发区日前成功申请到一个为期4年的“工业共生项目”,该项目涉及在提高能源利用效率方面开展国际合作以及加强环保。
“‘欧盟-滨海产业共生项目’由欧盟和联合国工业发展组织出资支持”,泰达管委会主任何树山介绍,“这是泰达第一次申请到这样一个由国际机构主办的环保项目。”
工业共生是一种同时保证环境保护和工业可持续发展的新途径,比如,通过建立一个高效节能供应链系统来实现资源最优化配置。
“实现低碳增长模式是一个艰难复杂的过程,尤其当传统工业仍然占据经济主体的时候”,何树山向记者介绍道。
此项目将持续四年,投资达185万欧元(248万美元),其中欧盟投资占148万欧元。
欧盟驻华公使Johan Cauwenbergh表示,这个项目将实现环境效益和经济发展的双赢。
“转型为低碳经济并不容易,但是我们也深知:越晚做出必要的行动,我们的经济效益就会受到越大的危害”,Cauwenbergh说道。
何树山表示,天津经济技术开发区正致力于打造一个高效能源技术与环境保护科技交流的平台,从而推进环渤海地区低碳经济的发展。
“我认为在该领域,中国存在着巨大的潜力。为了策划与落实该项目,联合国工业发展署中国投资处与泰达及其合作伙伴,自2008年起就进行了密切的沟通和研讨,并为此启动了专项基金。”联合国工业发展组织首席驻华代表Edward Clarence-Smith介绍道。
据悉,“产业共生项目”已在英国取得了较为成功的经验。
“欧盟-滨海产业共生项目”已于上月在天津滨海新区正式启动,其补充项目——天津泰达低碳经济促进中心也已经进入了运营阶段。
天津泰达低碳经济促进中心将致力于搭建区域低碳经济服务平台,共享削减碳排放等方面的技术信息,促进资源有效利用。
“在中国引入这种工业共生模式,可能具有一定的挑战性,但是如果能够成功实现,这些经验将具备向全国推广的重要意义,并将发挥出巨大的作用。”Smith向记者介绍说。
“目前,中国共有九个交换项目正运行实施,涉及欧盟资金大约1400万欧元(1876万美元)。这些项目在生产和采购的过程中体现了环境和社会的可持续发展,涵盖了各个不同的经济领域,其中包括节能电动机、绿色环保大楼、木材交易问责制等。”Cauwenbergh说。
在泰达的这个项目中,有超过800个中小型企业及重要跨国公司供应商加入其中,它们之间的协同增效效应将大量减少废弃物、用水量和二氧化碳排放量的产生,同时,也会为这些企业节省开支。泰达将根据自身的实际需要转移和采纳在英国已成功实施的工业共生项目的措施和系统。
“在提高能源利用效率和保护环境方面,有关低碳科技的专业知识和实践的相关信息仍然不够充分,我们中心所要做的就是对这些缺失进行弥补,并提供一个信息共享和交流的平台。”天津经济技术开发区管委会副主任张军说。
“欧盟和中国在节能减排与可持续发展方面的合作,是建立在双方对该领域的共识之上的。”据Cauwenbergh介绍,欧盟在减少温室气体排放、节约能源和能源多样化等领域,设立了宏大的远期目标,在促进欧洲经济转型、发展节能低碳经济的意义上,甚至可以称之为“欧洲的新一次工业革命”。
当Cauwenbergh来中国开展工作之后,令他感到震惊的是:中国和欧盟在能源和环境方面的政策有很多的相同之处。“首先,在能源多样化和增加再生能源比重这些方面,我们有着相似的目标,对能源密集度和利用效率也有相似的见解。另外,在为车辆、建筑和家用电器设立能源排放标准等方面,我们也同样开设了对太阳能光电板、氢燃料电池、碳捕获与储存的研究项目。”
在降低排放量方面,欧盟和中国都拥有限制年度二氧化硫排放量的项目,并且,欧盟和中国对于污水处理、发电厂和交通工具等领域,都有着特定的标准。此外,欧盟和中国还是全球新兴碳交易市场中的先行者。
欧盟已经成功引进了世界最大的温室气体排放量交易系统,而中国是“清洁发展机制项目”中碳信用额最多的生产国。中国大多数的碳信用额被欧洲公司购买,以减少它们在欧盟排放量交易系统框架下的成本。(中国日报供稿 记者:王钰)
英文原稿
TEDA strives for energy efficiency with international help
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/tianjin/e/2010-04/12/content_9718398.htm
It seems to be a contradiction for a manufacturing powerhouse to lead the campaign on energy conservation and environmental protection, but Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA) is working hard to achieve this.
TEDA, a high-end manufacturing industrial powerhouse, recently won the opportunity to start a four-year industrial symbiosis program, which is one of major projects involving international cooperation on enhancing energy efficiency and strengthening environmental protection.
The program, called the EU Switch-Asia TBNA Industrial Symbiosis Project, will be financed by the European Union and United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). It is the first time for TEDA to be granted such an environmentally friendly project by international bodies, said He Shushan, director of TEDA Administrative Committee.
Industrial symbiosis is a novel approach to ensuring environmentally sustainable industrial development, such as through establishing an energy-efficient supply chain system.
"It will be a hard and complicated journey to achieve a low-carbon-oriented growth pattern, especially when conventional industries are still dominating the economy," He admitted.
The four-year Switch-Asia project in TEDA will require 1.85 million euros ($2.48 million) in investment, of which the EU will contribute 1.48 million euros.
The project will bring direct environmental and economical benefits, said Johan Cauwenbergh, minister counselor of the European Union.
"The transition to a low-carbon economy will not be an easy one. But we know one thing: The longer we postpone taking the necessary steps, the more it will hurt our economy," Cauwenbergh said.
TEDA is determined to establish itself as a platform for technological exchanges on energy efficiency enhancement and environmental protection, driving the low-carbon-oriented economy forward and stimulating the economic development of the Bohai Bay region, according to He.
"I believe it has great potential here in China. UNIDO's Investment and Technology Promotion Office in Beijing has been working closely with TEDA and its partners since 2008 to design the project and mobilize the necessary funds," Edward Clarence-Smith, representative of UNIDO, said.
The project will replicate approaches that have proven very effective in the United Kingdom.
The EU Switch-Asia TBNA Industrial Symbiosis Project was officially launched in Tianjin Binhai New Area (TBNA) late last month, when a supplementary project, TEDA Low Carbon Economy Promotion Center, started operations.
The TEDA Low Carbon Promotion Center is expected to serve as an information- and technology-sharing platform for carbon emission reduction and energy efficiency enhancement.
Adapting these models to China may prove to be challenging, but if this can be done successfully, they could be further replicated throughout the country and have a tremendous impact, according to Smith.
In total, nine Switch projects are currently running in China, involving a total EU contribution of close to 14 million euros ($18.76 million). These projects are demonstrating environmentally and socially sustainable production and procurement processes in various sectors of the economy, from energy-efficient electric motors to green buildings and responsible trade in timber, said Cauwenbergh.
In the TEDA project, more than 800 small and medium-sized enterprises, suppliers of important multinationals, will be actively involved. The synergies between them will result in important reductions of waste, water, and CO2 emissions, and at the same time will also result in significant cost saving for these companies. The tools and systems, which have proven successful to develop industrial symbiosis in the United Kingdom, will be transferred and adapted to TEDA's requirements.
"Sufficient information on low-carbon technology, expertise and experience are still not available in terms of enhancing energy efficiency and protecting the environment. That is where the center can play a role. It is supposed to serve as a platform for information sharing and exchanging," Zhang Jun, deputy director of TEDA Administrative Committee, said.
Cooperation between the EU and China on energy efficiency and sustainable development is based on common values in this area.
According to Cauwenbergh, the EU has set itself a forward-looking and ambitious objective on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, energy saving and energy diversification. It terms this as the "next industrial revolution in Europe", transforming its economy into an energy saving low-carbon one.
What has struck Cauwenbergh since he started his work in China is the large number of energy and environmental policies that the EU and China have in common.
"First, on energy, we have similar targets in terms of energy diversification and increasing the share of renewable energy. We also have similar targets for energy intensity and energy efficiency. In addition, we have energy efficiency standards for cars, buildings and household appliances. We also have research programs for the development of photovoltaics, hydrogen fuel-cells and carbon capture and storage."
On emission reduction, the EU and China both have programs that limit the amount of sulfur dioxide emitted every year. And the EU and China have specific standards for wastewater treatment, power plants and vehicles. On climate change, the EU and China are the two leading players in the emerging global carbon market.
The EU has successfully introduced the world's biggest greenhouse gas emissions trading system and China is the biggest producer of carbon credits from CDM projects, most of which are bought by European companies in order to reduce their cost of compliance with the EU emissions trading system.