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高考备战已经进入白热化阶段。一鼓作气,做好最后复习工作,是保证打赢这场战役的关键。结合数年来考前最后阶段的复习经验,总结出八条复习策略,并逐一说明如下。
一、归纳基础知识,形成知识网络
一般来说,到考前60天,我们都经历过了两个阶段的复习,即第一阶段课本知识的复习和第二阶段语法知识的复习。到现在,基础知识的复习已经不再是复习的重点,但学生仍然可能存在知识不系统,缺乏条理性的问题。因此,教师应结合题目,带领学生提纲挈领地复习单词、词组、句型和语法等基础知识。由于试题中常常把两个或以上的知识点整合在一个题目中考查考生综合运用语言的能力,在总结归纳的基础上,应侧重培养学生的应用能力。例如,以下的第一题对考生的能力要求较低,从中可以归纳出类似的句型,而第二个题目则要求考生能综合运用have difficulty doing句型和宾语从句、感叹句等。
[高考例题]
① Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time the exam.
A.pass B.to pass C.passed D.passing
[句型总结]
[综合应用]
② You can’t imagine what difficulty we had home in the snowstorm.
A.walked B.walk C.to walk D.walking二、研究历年真题,把握考查方向
高考真题具有准确的导向性和严谨的科学性,特别是近几年的高考真题,不仅对把握本年度的重点难点具有指导作用,而且可以从中洞察高考试题的命题规律和解题技巧。因此,近几年的高考试题不仅仅要认真做完,更需要老师指导学生仔细研读。教师在最后的阶段复习中,要在分析试题的过程中,善于解读高考试题的性质、特点和规律,使复习工作真正切中要点。
例如matter作为动词是一个重点,也是一个难点,近几年的高考试题中有关matter的题归纳如下:
① It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.
A.one B.that C.what D.it
② The thing that is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.
A.matters B.cares C.considers D.minds
③ —I’m sorry I broke your mirror.
— Oh, really? .
A.It’s OK with me B.It doesn’t matter
C.Don’t be sorry D.I don’t care
④ — Dad,Tom’s broken a glass.
— . Accidents will happen.
A.No way B.Doesn’t matter
C.No trouble at all D.Don’t mention it
⑤ I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter I’m talking to.
A.who is it B.who it is
C.it is who D.it is whom
⑥ matters most in learning English is enough practice.
A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which
⑦ — Our holiday cost a lot of money.
— Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter you enjoyed yourselves.
A. as long as B. unless C. as soon as D. though
⑧ Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity sight matters more than hearing.
A.when B.whose C.which D.where
⑨ It is what you do rather than what you say matters.
A.that B.what C.which D.this
三、提练考查重点,突破必考题项
考前两个月的复习要把时间用在刀刃上,不要全面铺开。在每一个考查范围内,应确定一些重点考查内容进行强化训练和讲解。例如对名词的复习,可重点把握如下几方面:
1.具有动作意义的名词:a knowledge of, an understanding of, a mastery of, an idea of, a grasp of, …
2.抽象名词用作普通名词:a success, a failure, a surprise, …
3.物质名词用作普通名词:a heavy rain, a coffee, a drink, …
4.普通名词用作抽象名词:go to school, in hospital, in jail, in prison, by train, …
5.常见名词的不常见意义:custom(习俗;海关),…
6.易混淆的名词:quantity, quality; custom, customer, costume; …
[例题]
He has good mastery of English grammar, for he knows mastery of a language is not easy and requires painstaking efforts.
A.a; a B./; the C./; a D.a; the
四、揭示题型特点,总结解题规律
为了高效地进行阅读训练,必须会“读”会“做”。英美作者大多喜欢“一锤定音”,文章第一段“交底”,每一段第一句“交底”,这种作风是英美语言文化的一部分。在熟悉这种文化背景的前提下,同学们应按英美语言文化做“一锤定音”,掌握文章大意和行文结构。例如2009年北京卷D篇有一题:
Music tells us who we are. Because music is an expression of the beings who create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well as the social environment it came from. Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as does a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions. Music expresses our character and values. It gives us identity as a society.
34. In Paragraph 2, the author uses jazz as an example to .
A.compare it with rock music
B.show music identifies a society C.introduce American musical traditions
D.prove music influences people’s lifestyles
根据第二段的第一句Music tells us who we are和最后一句It gives us identity as a society,不难选出B为正确答案。
五、精选套题练习,模拟考场训练
备战的最后一个环节就是在高考题型的专项训练的基础上,通过精选的套题进行查缺补漏和答题应试的规范性训练,以进一步提高学生的语用能力和应试水平。这一环节的关键是要尽可能真实模拟高考,从时间安排,到选择试卷,实施考试再到改卷和试卷分析和成绩分析,要尽可能以高考的标准要求。这样做的目的是与高考进行无缝链接,让学生自然地进入高考实战状态,避免学生由于怯考或时间安排不合理等人为因素而影响高考时的发挥。
六、指导答题规范,确保不留遗憾
最后,针对上面的考前全真模拟考试中出现的问题,作出进一步的辅导,重点强调时间安排和答题规范,避免由于书写、答题规范性等问题而丢分。例如在书面表达中,要强调“形式”的重要性。所谓的“形式”有两个方面的含义,其一是指所写短文在布局谋篇方面讲究形式上的完整和美观,其二是指字体要大小适当,卷面整洁,字迹清楚,能做到这两点,会给评卷人员留下良好的印象,有利于获得高分。